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Liver fat scores do not reflect interventional changes in liver fat content induced by high-protein diets.

Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany. Stefan.kabisch@charite.de. German Center for Diabetes Research (Deutsches Zentrum Für Diabetesforschung e.V.), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany. Stefan.kabisch@charite.de. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany. Stefan.kabisch@charite.de. Department of Clinical Nutrition, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Arthur-Scheunert-Allee 114-116, 14558, Nuthetal, Germany. German Center for Diabetes Research (Deutsches Zentrum Für Diabetesforschung e.V.), Ingolstädter Landstraße 1, 85764, Neuherberg, Germany. Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Nutrition, Charité University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Hindenburgdamm 30, 12203, Berlin, Germany. Research Group Molecular Nutritional Medicine, Department of Molecular Toxicology, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbrücke, Nuthetal, Germany. Institute of Diabetes Research and Metabolic Diseases of the Helmholtz Center Munich at the University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. Section on Experimental Radiology, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Ernst von Bergmann Hospital, Potsdam, Germany. Institute for Food and Environmental Research, Nuthetal, Germany. Institute of Food Chemistry, Hamburg School of Food Science, University of Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany. Department of Food Chemistry and Analysis, Institute of Food Technology and Food Chemistry, Technische Universität Berlin, TIB 4/3-1, Gustav-Meyer-Allee 25, 13355, Berlin, Germany.

Scientific reports. 2021;(1):8843
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Abstract

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is common in Metabolic Syndrome and type 2 diabetes (T2DM), driven by energy imbalance, saturated fats and simple carbohydrates. NAFLD requires screening and monitoring for late complications. Liver fat indices may predict NAFLD avoiding expensive or invasive gold-standard methods, but they are poorly validated for use in interventional settings. Recent data indicate a particular insensitivity to weight-independent liver fat reduction. We evaluated 31 T2DM patients, completing a randomized intervention study on isocaloric high-protein diets. We assessed anthropometric measures, intrahepatic lipid (IHL) content and serum liver enzymes, allowing AUROC calculations as well as cross-sectional and longitudinal Spearman correlations between the fatty liver index, the NAFLD-liver fat score, the Hepatosteatosis Index, and IHL. At baseline, all indices predicted NAFLD with moderate accuracy (AUROC 0.731-0.770), supported by correlation analyses. Diet-induced IHL changes weakly correlated with changes of waist circumference, but no other index component or the indices themselves. Liver fat indices may help to easily detect NAFLD, allowing cost-effective allocation of further diagnostics to patients at high risk. IHL reduction by weight-independent diets is not reflected by a proportional change in liver fat scores. Further research on the development of treatment-sensitive indices is required.Trial registration: The trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov: NCT02402985.

Methodological quality

Publication Type : Randomized Controlled Trial

Metadata

MeSH terms : Adipose Tissue ; Liver